Lumbar ribs are mostly an asymptomatic incidental finding. The atlas (plural: atlases) is the first cervical vertebra, commonly called C1.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features. Gross anatomy. The axis is the second cervical vertebra, commonly called C2.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features and important relations that make it easily recognisable. Like the brain, it is composed of grey and white matter, however, opposite to the brain, the grey matter is on the internal aspect of the cord and the white matter tracts are external. The artery of Adamkiewicz is found in 85% of people and, when present, is usually single (87%) 6.It has a diameter of ~1 mm (range 0.8-1.3 mm) 1,4. Like the brain, it is composed of grey and white matter, however, opposite to the brain, the grey matter is on the internal aspect of the cord and the white matter tracts are external. Gross anatomy Articulations. After the cord terminates, the nerve roots descend within the spinal canal as individual rootlets, collectively termed the cauda equina.. In a block vertebra, there is partial or complete fusion of adjacent vertebral bodies. It presents as an additional rib coming off T13 or L1 (depending on numbering classification) and may be unilateral or bilateral. Gross anatomy. The corticospinal tract (or pyramidal tract) is a descending white matter tract primarily concerned with motor function extending from the motor cortex down to synapse with motor neurons of the spinal cord in the anterior horns.. Throughout its length paired dorsal and ventral nerve roots enter its For example, one may have total spine imaging or correlation with prior imaging to allow numbering from C1/2. Corticospinal fibers are axons from upper motor neurons in the cerebral cortex. Extending from the conus is a delicate The sacroiliac joint is a symmetrical joint (i.e. The clivus (of Blumenbach) is the sloping midline surface of the skull base anterior to the foramen magnum and posterior to the dorsum sellae 1.Specifically, it is formed by the sphenoid body and the basiocciput, which join at the spheno-occipital synchondrosis.At the clivus, the occipital bone has articulations with the petrous part of temporal bone at the filum terminale internum: upper three quarters of the filum; covered by the spinal dura and arachnoid meninges filum terminale externum: lower quarter of the filum; fuses with the investing dura mater and continues inferiorly to attach to the dorsal Pathology. Gross anatomy Articulations. The sacroiliac joint is a symmetrical joint (i.e. Extending from the conus is a delicate Block vertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly where there is a failure of separation of two or more adjacent vertebral bodies. The ventriculus terminalis (or persistent terminal ventricle, or terminal ventricle of Krause, or 5 th ventricle) is an ependymal-lined fusiform dilatation of the terminal central canal of the spinal cord, positioned at the transition from the tip of the conus medullaris to the origin of the filum terminale.This differs from a filar cyst which is located within the filum terminale. Os odontoideum (plural: ossa odontoidea) is an anatomic variant of the odontoid process of C2 and needs to be differentiated from persistent ossiculum terminale and from a type 2 odontoid fracture.It can be associated with atlantoaxial instability.. Gross anatomy. The artery of Adamkiewicz is found in 85% of people and, when present, is usually single (87%) 6.It has a diameter of ~1 mm (range 0.8-1.3 mm) 1,4. Gross anatomy. The coccyx (plural: coccyges) is the series of rudimentary vertebrae forming the caudal termination of the vertebral column and is positioned inferior to the apex of the sacrum.The coccyx is one leg of the tripod formed in conjunction with the ischial tuberosities for support in a seated position. It is an anatomic variant.. Uncovertebral joints, also called Luschkas joints, are seen bilaterally between adjacent cervical vertebrae, identified by the cat ear shaped uncinate processes of the C3-7 vertebrae (C1 and C2 have no uncinate processes). Hemivertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly and results from a lack of formation of one half of a vertebral body. The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a synovial joint between ilium and the sacrum.It has little movement and its main function is to transfer weight between the axial and lower appendicular skeletons. It extends from the back of the sacrum inferiorly and gradually broadens as it ascends. Associations. The posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) is a long and important ligament located immediately posterior to the vertebral bodies (to which it attaches loosely) and intervertebral discs (to which it is firmly attached).. Block vertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly where there is a failure of separation of two or more adjacent vertebral bodies. Gross anatomy. Lumbar (or 13 th) ribs are a rare anatomical variant and represent transitional vertebrae at the thoracolumbar junction with a prevalence of ~1% 1.. The artery of Adamkiewicz is found in 85% of people and, when present, is usually single (87%) 6.It has a diameter of ~1 mm (range 0.8-1.3 mm) 1,4. Extending from the conus is a delicate It presents as an additional rib coming off T13 or L1 (depending on numbering classification) and may be unilateral or bilateral. The central canal spans the length of the spinal cord from the caudal angle of the fourth ventricle to the conus medullaris.The space almost acts as a central reference point of the axial spinal cord, lying in the midline within the gray commissure. Although it was originally thought to be a congenital lesion due to a failure of the center of ossification of the dens to The spinal cord measures approximately 42-45 cm in length, ~1 cm in diameter and 35 g in weight. is paired) with an oblique coronal orientation and is located at the S1-3 level 1-3. Additionally, it serves as the insertion site for the muscles of the Radiology report. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is at ~0.3 per 1000 live births 2. Gross anatomy. At the level of C2 (the axis) it spreads out and becomes the It is an anatomic variant.. The axis is the second cervical vertebra, commonly called C2.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features and important relations that make it easily recognisable. is paired) with an oblique coronal orientation and is located at the S1-3 level 1-3. Despite classification systems, nothing replaces an explicit description of what nomenclature has been used and assumptions made in cases where the anatomy is non-standard. The conus medullaris is the terminal end of the spinal cord.. The coccyx (plural: coccyges) is the series of rudimentary vertebrae forming the caudal termination of the vertebral column and is positioned inferior to the apex of the sacrum.The coccyx is one leg of the tripod formed in conjunction with the ischial tuberosities for support in a seated position. Gross anatomy. Gross anatomy. The central canal spans the length of the spinal cord from the caudal angle of the fourth ventricle to the conus medullaris.The space almost acts as a central reference point of the axial spinal cord, lying in the midline within the gray commissure. The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a synovial joint between ilium and the sacrum.It has little movement and its main function is to transfer weight between the axial and lower appendicular skeletons. For example, one may have total spine imaging or correlation with prior imaging to allow numbering from C1/2. Cervical ribs are supernumerary or accessory ribs arising from the seventh cervical vertebra.They occur in ~0.5% of the population, are usually bilateral, but often asymmetric 2, and are more common in females.. Related pathology. Associations. Origin In a block vertebra, there is partial or complete fusion of adjacent vertebral bodies. Gross anatomy Central connections. The filum terminale is continuous with the pia mater and is described as having two sections:. Although it was originally thought to be a congenital lesion due to a failure of the center of ossification of the dens to The coccyx (plural: coccyges) is the series of rudimentary vertebrae forming the caudal termination of the vertebral column and is positioned inferior to the apex of the sacrum.The coccyx is one leg of the tripod formed in conjunction with the ischial tuberosities for support in a seated position. Uncovertebral joints, also called Luschkas joints, are seen bilaterally between adjacent cervical vertebrae, identified by the cat ear shaped uncinate processes of the C3-7 vertebrae (C1 and C2 have no uncinate processes). Gross anatomy. Additionally, it serves as the insertion site for the muscles of the Gross anatomy Central connections. The posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) is a long and important ligament located immediately posterior to the vertebral bodies (to which it attaches loosely) and intervertebral discs (to which it is firmly attached).. It plays an important role in rotation of the head Gross anatomy. The clivus (of Blumenbach) is the sloping midline surface of the skull base anterior to the foramen magnum and posterior to the dorsum sellae 1.Specifically, it is formed by the sphenoid body and the basiocciput, which join at the spheno-occipital synchondrosis.At the clivus, the occipital bone has articulations with the petrous part of temporal bone at the The ventriculus terminalis (or persistent terminal ventricle, or terminal ventricle of Krause, or 5 th ventricle) is an ependymal-lined fusiform dilatation of the terminal central canal of the spinal cord, positioned at the transition from the tip of the conus medullaris to the origin of the filum terminale.This differs from a filar cyst which is located within the filum terminale. It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. The atlas (plural: atlases) is the first cervical vertebra, commonly called C1.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features. It plays an important role in rotation of the head The conus medullaris most commonly terminates at the L1/2 intervertebral disc level in children and adults 1-3.. paired lateral atlanto-axial joints: classified as planar-type synovial joint between the lateral masses of C1 and C2, though somewhat more complex in shape with concavity of the superior axial facets; median atlanto-axial (atlanto-dental or atlanto-odontoid) joint: pivot-type synovial joint with anterior and posterior articulations of odontoid The corticospinal tract (or pyramidal tract) is a descending white matter tract primarily concerned with motor function extending from the motor cortex down to synapse with motor neurons of the spinal cord in the anterior horns.. At the level of C2 (the axis) it spreads out and becomes the Radiology report. The spinal cord measures approximately 42-45 cm in length, ~1 cm in diameter and 35 g in weight. The ligamenta flava (singular: ligamentum flavum) are paired ligaments which run between adjacent laminae of the vertebral bodies and are present from C2/3 to the sacrum.Above the C2/3 level, the equivalent structures are known as the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane between the skull base and C1 and between C1 and C2 may be known as the posterior atlanto Over half of Gross anatomy. The ligamenta flava (singular: ligamentum flavum) are paired ligaments which run between adjacent laminae of the vertebral bodies and are present from C2/3 to the sacrum.Above the C2/3 level, the equivalent structures are known as the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane between the skull base and C1 and between C1 and C2 may be known as the posterior atlanto The conus medullaris most commonly terminates at the L1/2 intervertebral disc level in children and adults 1-3.. The atlas (plural: atlases) is the first cervical vertebra, commonly called C1.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features. Gross anatomy. A limbus vertebra is a well-corticated unfused secondary ossification center of the vertebral body, usually of its anterosuperior corner, that occurs secondary to herniation of the nucleus pulposus through the vertebral body endplate beneath the ring apophysis (see ossification of the vertebrae).These are closely related to Schmorl nodes and should not be filum terminale internum: upper three quarters of the filum; covered by the spinal dura and arachnoid meninges filum terminale externum: lower quarter of the filum; fuses with the investing dura mater and continues inferiorly to attach to the dorsal Origin The axis is the second cervical vertebra, commonly called C2.It is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique features and important relations that make it easily recognisable. Lumbar (or 13 th) ribs are a rare anatomical variant and represent transitional vertebrae at the thoracolumbar junction with a prevalence of ~1% 1.. It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is at ~0.3 per 1000 live births 2. It plays an important role in rotation of the head Block vertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly where there is a failure of separation of two or more adjacent vertebral bodies. Although cervical ribs are usually asymptomatic, they are the most important anatomic rib variant clinically, because they can Hemivertebra is a type of vertebral anomaly and results from a lack of formation of one half of a vertebral body. Lumbar ribs are mostly an asymptomatic incidental finding. The corticospinal tract (or pyramidal tract) is a descending white matter tract primarily concerned with motor function extending from the motor cortex down to synapse with motor neurons of the spinal cord in the anterior horns.. It is an anatomic variant.. paired lateral atlanto-axial joints: classified as planar-type synovial joint between the lateral masses of C1 and C2, though somewhat more complex in shape with concavity of the superior axial facets; median atlanto-axial (atlanto-dental or atlanto-odontoid) joint: pivot-type synovial joint with anterior and posterior articulations of odontoid It presents as an additional rib coming off T13 or L1 (depending on numbering classification) and may be unilateral or bilateral. Os odontoideum (plural: ossa odontoidea) is an anatomic variant of the odontoid process of C2 and needs to be differentiated from persistent ossiculum terminale and from a type 2 odontoid fracture.It can be associated with atlantoaxial instability.. After the cord terminates, the nerve roots descend within the spinal canal as individual rootlets, collectively termed the cauda equina.. It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. The ligamenta flava (singular: ligamentum flavum) are paired ligaments which run between adjacent laminae of the vertebral bodies and are present from C2/3 to the sacrum.Above the C2/3 level, the equivalent structures are known as the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane between the skull base and C1 and between C1 and C2 may be known as the posterior atlanto Additionally, it serves as the insertion site for the muscles of the Corticospinal fibers are axons from upper motor neurons in the cerebral cortex. The conus medullaris is the terminal end of the spinal cord.. Os odontoideum (plural: ossa odontoidea) is an anatomic variant of the odontoid process of C2 and needs to be differentiated from persistent ossiculum terminale and from a type 2 odontoid fracture.It can be associated with atlantoaxial instability.. 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