The maze now grows in its place. [99] Cineworld is a large Multiplex cinema with eight screens, in the Beacon shopping centre. [87], The town is home to the UK's largest book wholesalers, who have a 350,000 sq ft warehouse facility there. Former local radio station Sovereign FM is now More Radio Eastbourne, broadcasting to Eastbourne from studios in Worthing. Though Eastbourne is a relatively new town, there is evidence of human occupation in the area from the Stone Age. Flint mines and Stone Age artefacts have been found in the surrounding countryside of the Eastbourne Downs. Limited numbers of additional buses are run by the Cuckmere Buses, and a regular National Express coach service operates daily from London's Victoria Coach Station. [120] They now compete in the National League. The nearby Pier Hotel was also evacuated. It was rebuilt at a higher level, creating a drop towards the end of the pier. [7] Sir William gained great wealth from his position in the Exchequer and also (allegedly) from unfairly taking advantage of the dissolution of the Monasteries. Duke of Devonshire is a town centre pub that serves food with good offers such as 2 for 9 menu. There has also been an upward trend in recent years, in the number of people with higher education qualifications.[76]. Crossing The Screen International Film Festival, the longest running film festival of Eastbourne, founded in 2016. [71], The average age of residents has dropped in recent years as younger people move into the town and young family households have started to balance retirement communities. Lord Hartington was killed in the Second World War in 1944 shortly after the marriage. [102] Regular services along the coast have invariably served Eastbourne. Charles Arthur Francis. Former students at the closed St Cyprian's School include George Orwell, Alaric Jacob, E. H. W. Meyerstein and Alan Hyman. and Eastbourne United Association F.C. generator' object has no attribute take how to call someone on stage for recitation In 1883, it was incorporated as a municipal borough; a purpose-built town hall was opened in 1886. The original name came from the 'Burne' or stream which ran through today's Old Town area of Eastbourne. SHARE. [66], The 2009 East Sussex County Council election resulted in 29Conservatives, 13Liberal Democrats, 4Labour and 3Independent, of which Eastbourne provided 6Liberal Democrats and 3Conservatives.[67]. With the fall of France in June 1940, and the risk of invasion, most left the majority never to return. Local conservationists also failed to prevent the construction of the glass-plated TGWU conference and holiday centre (the building now operating as The View Hotel), but were successful in purchasing Polegate Windmill, thus saving it from demolition and redevelopment. A part of the South Downs, Willingdon Down is a designated Site of Special Scientific Interest. St Cyprian's Chronicle 19141930 (at Eastbourne Reference Library), Airbourne, Eastbourne's International Airshow, Crossing The Screen International Film Festival, List of demolished places of worship in East Sussex, "The Leader and Deputy Leader Senior Council members", "East Sussex in Figures, Economy profile for Eastbourne, Business by industrial sector in 2012", "Age structure, local authorities in England and Wales, Table KS02 Age structure", "Shinewater Bronze Age settlement (1400780)", "Beachy Head Lady was young sub-Saharan Roman with good teeth, say archaeologists", "Anglo-Saxon coin goes for 78,000 at London auction", "Archive of the Davies-Gilbert Family of Eastbourne, East Sussex, East Sussex Record Office, the National Archives", "No. It is a charitable, not-for-profit organisation in the United Kingdom whose objective is the pursuit and encouragement of an active interest in the study of the history of Eastbourne and its immediate environs and the dissemination of the outcome of such studies.[46][47]. [72], 29% of households do not have cars or vans. He married (1547) as his third wife the famous Bess of Hardwick, with whom he had eight children. Reports claim a 365m revenue from visitors in 2010, with an estimated 7,160 jobs supported by tourism. [135] Access to the camera obscura was destroyed by an arson attack in 1970, but was restored in 2003 with a new stairway built. Although originally manned by two keepers, it has been remotely monitored by Trinity House via a landline since June 1983. The ninth and tenth dukes both served as Chancellor of the University of Leeds. [58] Eastbourne's coastal location also means it tends to be milder than most areas, particularly during night. [6] He served as Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 1372 to 1381, and was killed in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. This was then renamed The Beacon. Eastbourne hosted a triathlon in 2016 and 2017, which attracted professional triathletes such as Ben Allen, Jacqui Slack, Lawrence Fanous and 2012 Biathle world champion Richard Stannard in addition to the hundreds of amateurs taking part. There were five circuits distributing electricity around the town through rubber insulated cables. privacy policy, Estates of the Cavendish family, Dukes of Devonshire, in East Sussex. [31] By 2020, the number had reduced to just three: St. Andrew's Prep School, Eastbourne College and St.Bede's Preparatory School, Eastbourne has 6 state secondary schools, 17 state primary schools, 1 primary special school and 2 secondary special schools. [50] Several nature trails lead across the Downs to areas such as the nearby villages of East Dean and Birling Gap, and landmarks like the Seven Sisters, Belle Tout Lighthouse and Beachy Head. The town is served by Eastbourne District General Hospital, part of East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust. He had already succeeded his mother as seventh Baron Clifford in 1754. This has the effect of making the Hampden Park level crossing very busy. One third of the pier was badly damaged. [7], Celtic people are believed to have settled on the Eastbourne Downland in 500BC. His eldest son, the third Duke, served as Lord Privy Seal, as Lord Steward of the Household and (from 1737 to 1745) as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. Finally, indicative of the changes that would later befall many of the larger buildings in the town,[142] the school was demolished to make way for a block of flats, which was completed in 1939. It is one of the two Grade I listed buildings in the town. [13] Describing the coin, expert Christopher Webb, said, "This new discovery is an important and unexpected addition to the numismatic history of eighth century England. Whether you're stopping in for lunch or dinner, we've got you covered with our new and tasty Jerk Chicken Burrito, Falafel & Hummus Wrap, Filthy Animal burger . There are several language colleges and schools, with students coming mainly from Europe.[85]. This probably refers to the eighth duke. In 2021 Netflix series The Crown filmed an episode in the town and surrounding areas.[109]. These remains have now been DNA tested and found to originate from Cyprus, not sub-Saharan Africa. He sat on the Conservative benches in the House of Lords and held political office (under his uncle Harold Macmillan and later under Sir Alec Douglas-Home) from 1960 to 1964. It supplied electricity, firstly for street lighting then other uses. [150], As well as the medieval parish church of St Mary in Old Town, another remarkable church building in Eastbourne is the redbrick St Saviour's and St Peter's. [8], There are Roman remains buried beneath the town, such as a Roman bath and section of pavement between Eastbourne Pier and the Redoubt Fortress. [49] Another SSSI which partially falls with the Eastbourne district is Seaford to Beachy Head. Before Brexit in 2020, the town was part of the South East England constituency in the European Parliament. [31] Initially, children were evacuated to Eastbourne on the assumption that they would be safe from German bombs, but soon they had to be evacuated again because after the fall of France in June 1940 it was anticipated that the town would lie in an invasion zone. Rumours had been circulating since 1935[40] regarding the frequency of his being named in patients' wills (132 times between 1946 and 1956[40]) and the gifts he was given (including two Rolls-Royces). In 2009, the new Towner Gallery was opened, abutting the listed Congress Theatre built in 1963.[44]. Duke of Devonshire is a title in the Peerage of England held by members of the Cavendish family. Duke of Devonshire, Eastbourne: See 400 unbiased reviews of Duke of Devonshire, rated 3.5 of 5 on Tripadvisor and ranked #148 of 403 restaurants in Eastbourne. Eastbourne's Devonshire Park is the venue for the Eastbourne International, a tennis tournament held in the town since 1974 and serving as a warm-up to Wimbledon. While the title is wrongly used, other references during the episode show that they are in fact referring to the Dukes of Devonshire. The Society is Eastbourne College's legacy club, and its members consist of those OEs and others who plan to leave a bequest to the College in their will. Facebook. This was noted as below average, compared with the UK as a whole. [146] In 1963, Eastbourne was the location of the first Netball World Cup. A royal visit by Grove Road is the location of two independent record shops and a venue called Printer's Playhouse (which hosts performances of live music and new plays). A possible explanation for this is that a high proportion of workers are in sectors which have relatively low productivity and wages. . [148] It is believed that the minting of these coins may have led to thelberht's beheading by Offa of Mercia, as it had been struck as a sign of independence. Eastbourne's floral displays have been promoted, including the Carpet Gardens along the coastal road near the pier. He included a mention of Eastbourne in his 1967 single, "The Laughing Gnome": "Well I gave him roasted toadstools and a glass of dandelion wine, Then I put him on a train to Eastbourne, Carried his bag and gave him a fag ". Eastbourne features in the ghost story Owen Wingrave by American novelist Henry James. Despite its image as a dull 'retirement town', exciting cultural events are held in Eastbourne every year, and festivals are increasingly becoming popular. Duke of Devonshire is a title in the Peerage of England held by members of the Cavendish family. Eastbourne ( / istbrn / ( listen)) is a town and seaside resort in East Sussex, on the south coast of England, 19 miles (31 km) east of Brighton and 54 miles (87 km) south of London. The Parliament Constituency of Eastbourne has always covered a greater area than the borough's nine wards, but due to population growth in the town, it has lost territory over time. [2] History [ edit] Between 1805 and 1807, a fortress known as the Eastbourne Redoubt was built as a barracks and storage depot, and armed with 10cannons.[25]. In 1858, as 2nd Earl of Burlington, he succeeded to the Dukedom. Other titles (5th & 6th Dukes): Baron Clifford (1628), Other titles (7th Duke onwards): Earl of Burlington and Baron Cavendish of Keighley, in the county of York (1831). [190], George Mallory, the noted mountaineer, attended Glengorse Preparatory School in Chesterfield Road between 1896 and 1900. Eastbourne Feastival, a family, food, music and culture festival which has been held annually since 2016. Cavendish appointed architect Henry Currey to design a street plan for the town, but not before sending him to Europe to draw inspiration. Measured as Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs), two areas within Devonshire ward, two areas within Hampden Park, and one area within Langney, are all among the most deprived LSOAs in the country. The 35,000 acre Chatsworth estate in and around Derbyshire is owned by the Trustees of the Chatsworth Settlement, on behalf of the Cavendish family. Devonshire was therefore succeeded by his second and only surviving son, the eleventh Duke. [92] In 1966 the power station had a generating capacity of 9.0 MW and delivered 3,165 MWh of electricity. Between 1997 and 2014, they competed in the Elite League, the highest level of speedway in the UK. The United Reformed Church in Upperton Road has tall rogue Gothic windows set in red brick walls. Numerous other members of the Cavendish family have also gained distinction. Figures of up to 400 murders were reported in British and foreign newspapers,[41] but after a controversial trial at the Old Bailey which gripped the nation[41] for 17 days in March 1957, Adams was found not guilty. [164] Bus services within Eastbourne have been provided by Stagecoach Group under the name Stagecoach in Eastbourne since November 2008, when the company acquired Eastbourne Buses, a service run by the local council, and subsequently the independent company Cavendish Motor Services. The first was erected in November 1994 in Milnthorpe Road at the former home of Sir Ernest Shackleton, the Antarctic explorer. BBC News reported that 80 firefighters attended the scene. The current President of the Society is William Cavendish, Earl of Burlington. Eastbourne County Borough Corporation began construction of Eastbourne power station in the first decade of the twentieth century. Eastbourne Fire Station is in Whitley Road,[147] and the town's police station is in Grove Road. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Duke, who held political office as Lord President of the Council and Lord Privy Seal and was also Lord-Lieutenant of Devonshire. [171][172], Poet Francis William Bourdillon lived in the town. The latter project (South Cliff Tower) was realised in 1965 despite a storm of protest led by the newly formed Eastbourne and District Preservation Committee, which later became Eastbourne Civic Society, and was renamed the Eastbourne Society in 1999. Their third and youngest son Lord George Cavendish was recreated Earl of Burlington in 1831. [141], The Eastbourne (Blue Book) Directory for 1938 lists 39independent schools in the town. [143] In 2018, a further merger with Sussex Coast College in Hastings formed the current East Sussex College. The Second World War saw a change in fortunes. [132] The structure may need to be moved again to safeguard it from cliff erosion. An exhibition about the history of the camp was held in Eastbourne for several months in 2015.[30]. [4] The title remains associated with "Devonshire" even though in modern usage it is the county of Devon. In 2013, the Office for National Statistics named an area in Meads as the first place in the UK to have an average resident age exceeding 70, with an average age of 71.1, compared with a national average age of 39.7. Originally consecrated under the former name in 1872, it was designed by George Edmund Street[151] but merged with St Peter's in 1971 when the latter was made redundant and demolished. He married Lady Mary Gascoyne-Cecil, who was Mistress of the Robes to Queen Elizabeth II from 1953 to 1966. The town area is built on geologically recent alluvial drift, the result of the silting up of a bay. Personal Ordinariate of Anglicans reconciled to the Catholic Church meets at St Agnes, another Victorian Gothic building. The recently formed[when?] [31] Units of the very secretive and highly effective No. Henry Allingham, briefly the world's oldest man when he died in 2009, aged 113, was a resident. Eastbourne is also served by Eastbourne Scoop,[103] a weekly online-only media publication. Eastbourne can claim some notable visitors, residents and scholars: Lewis Carroll holidayed in Eastbourne 19 times, taking lodgings in Lushington Road, where a blue plaque now marks the location of his first visit in 1877. Eastbourne has an RNLI lifeboat station. [186], NASA aerospace engineer Bruce Woodgate, who attended Eastbourne Grammar School, was the principal investigator and designer of the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph, which was installed on the Hubble Space Telescope in 1997. This state-funded college provides a range of GCSE, GCE A Level, BTEC and vocational programmes for students aged 1619 years of age, plus a full range of adult FE programmes. [187][188], Michael Fish, who forecast the weather for BBC Television from 1974 to 2004, was born in Eastbourne and studied at Eastbourne College. He was a strong supporter of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and later served under William III and Mary II as Lord Steward of the Household. Every Duke of Devonshire has so far been appointed a Knight of the Garter, except (as of 2022[update]) the present one. Let us know. [54], A stretch of 4 miles (6.4km) of shingle beach stretches from Sovereign Harbour in the east to Beachy Head in the west. [56] Temperature extremes recorded at Eastbourne since 1960 range from 31.6C (88.9F) during July 1976,[57] down to 9.7C (14.5F) In January 1987. [178], The pianist Russ Conway was a resident for many years.[179]. play in the Conference South. The eighth Duke was a noted statesman and the most famous member of the Cavendish family. In 1694 he was created Marquess of Hartington and Duke of Devonshire in the Peerage of England. Novelist Angela Carter was born in Eastbourne in 1940 before moving to South Yorkshire as a child. The chalk contains many fossils such as ammonites and nautilus. The Duke of Devonshire owned more than 1,000 acres in Eastbourne and led some of the major developments in the town during the past four decades. The station had a single brick chimney and three wooden cooling towers. George V and Queen Mary in March 1935 is commemorated by a plaque on chalet number 2 at Holywell. [36] The town suffered badly during the war, with many Victorian and Edwardian buildings damaged or destroyed by air raids. Theresa May, a former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, was born in the town.[198]. Percy Sillitoe, director of MI5, lived in the town in the 1950s. In John Buchan's novel The Three Hostages (1924), 'the late Duke of Devonshire' is cited as an epitome of Englishness. [15], The Book referred to the area as 'Borne'. meg giry songs phantom opera. Lord George Cavendish (died 1794), second son of the third Duke, was a long-standing Member of Parliament and served as Comptroller of the Household from 1761 to 1762. All that can be seen of the Burne, or Bourne, is the small pond in Motcombe Gardens. This site, of biological and geological interest, covers the coastline between Eastbourne and Seaford, plus the Seven Sisters country park and the Cuckmere valley. Another reason for the choice of a non-local or regional name was to avoid antagonising the powerful Stanley family from the Midlands who had strong associations with Derbyshire since their ancestors had been gifted estates in the county by William the Conqueror, and they had also been the Earls of Derby since the late 15th century. The other main industries in Eastbourne include trade and retail, healthcare, education, construction, manufacturing, professional scientific and the technical sector. Aleister Crowley, occultist and mystic attended Eastbourne College and later edited a chess column for the Eastbourne Gazette. [75], Unemployment in Eastbourne was below the national average in 2013 figures, at 4.1% compared to 4.4% for England and Wales. He was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron Cavendish, of Hardwicke in 1751 and served as First Lord of the Treasury and titular Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1756 to 1757. The overall population of Eastbourne is growing (between 2001 and 2008, the population grew from 89,800 to 94,800). [70] In 2014, 54% of residents were between 20 and 64, while 24% were over 65 years old, and there was an average age of 43. miss universe from canada. After the war, development continued, including the growth of Old Town up the hillside (Green Street Farm Estate) and the housing estates of Hampden Park, Willingdon Trees and Langney. [104] The 2006 Academy Award-nominated film Notes on a Scandal includes scenes filmed at Beachy Head, Cavendish Hotel and 117Royal Parade. The film is based on Amanda Foreman's biography of the scandalous 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (portrayed by Keira Knightley) and her relationship with the Duke (Ralph Fiennes) and his next wife, Lady Elizabeth Foster. Eastbourne is home to companies in a wide range of industries. Before 1935 each of these sites had a smaller "birdcage" bandstand; the one in the music gardens having been moved from a rather precarious position opposite the Albion Hotel. [141], In 1930, the headmistress of Clovelly-Kepplestone, a well-established boarding school for girls, referred to "heavy financial losses experienced by schools in the past few years". [9] Their elder son and heir apparent William Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington, married Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of Joseph Kennedy and sister of the future President of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy. [45], Eastbourne Local History Society was founded in 1970. [174], The novelist and children's writer Annie Keary died in the town in 1879.[175]. [22] It was originally on what was termed the Eastbourne Branch[167] from Polegate. D.Sc. The local climate is notable for its high sunshine levels, at least relative to much of the rest of England Eastbourne holds the record for the highest recorded amount of sunshine in a month, 383.9hours in July 1911. All are part of the Wealden District. In 1908 Holker Hall, then in Lancashire, now in Cumbria, was left to a junior branch of the family. The series Little Britain had the character Emily Howard strolling along the promenade. "Darwin's Bulldog" Thomas Henry Huxley spent the last few years of his life in Eastbourne. Other ex-students at St Cyprian's include: the amateur jockey Anthony Mildmay; Seymour de Lotbiniere, one-time Director of Outside Broadcasts at the BBC; Jagaddipendra Narayan, a reigning Maharaja of Cooch Behar while at the school. [114] Close by are tennis and basketball courts and a football pitch. An Anglo-Saxon charter, around 963AD, describes a landing stage and stream at Burne. [96] The London Philharmonic Orchestra makes regular appearances and has an annual season at the Congress Theatre. )[27], Richard Trevithick, the inventor of the steam locomotive, is reported to have spent some time here.[28]. [3], As a seaside resort, Eastbourne derives a large and increasing income from tourism, with revenue from traditional seaside attractions augmented by conferences, public events and cultural sightseeing. Gardners Books are one of the town's largest employers, with a majority of staff involved in packing and shipping books.[88]. This area, now known as Sovereign Harbour, containing a marina, shops and several thousand houses, along with luxury flats, was formerly home to many rare plants. [11] duke of devonshire estate office eastbournerent to own homes mobile alabama (Employees figure is estimated, Sales figure is modelled). [37] The situation was especially bad between May 1942 and June 1943 with hitandrun raids from fighterbombers based in northern France. There is a Greek Orthodox Church converted from a 19th-century Calvinistic chapel.[158][159]. There was a rarely used triangular junction between Polegate and the now-closed Stone Cross which allowed trains to bypass the Branch; the track has now been lifted. The principles for selection are broadly those already established by English Heritage for such plaques in London. The car is the most used form of transport in the town, with only 6% of journeys taken by bus; the local council transport plan aims to reduce the amount of car usage. [19], Eastbourne has Cornish connections[clarification needed], most notably visible in the Cornish high cross in the churchyard of St Mary's Church which was brought from an unspecified location in Cornwall. [138] The Council spent this on a variety of projects and events in the hope of boosting the local economy. [83], The seafront at Eastbourne consists almost entirely of Victorian hotels. [154], The tall flint tower of StMichael's at Ocklynge is one of Eastbourne's landmarks. The present list has not been collated against the 1920 list. [77] Development around Eastbourne's Sovereign Harbour, Britain's largest composite marina, has created more than 3,000 new homes and an innovation centre for small businesses. BBC South East Today and ITV Meridian are the two regional news channels. Need help with a voucher? [144][145] An earlier hospital, StMary's, opened on Vicarage Road in 1877 as the infirmary to the local workhouse; it was demolished in 1990. In the 1990s, both growth and controversy accelerated rapidly as a new plan was launched to develop the area known as the Crumbles, a shingle bank on the coast to the east of the town centre. Tue 4 May 2004 21.22 EDT. It is roughly 300metres (1000ft) long. The first public park in Eastbourne was Hampden Park, originally owned by Lord Willingdon and opened on 12 August 1902. His wife Lady Frederick (Lucy) Cavendish was a pioneer of women's education. On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the fourth Duke, who was a prominent politician. In 2013, the owners of the Curzon Cinema declared themselves "shocked" at the threats to their venue from a newly announced eight-screen multiplex, to be built in a renovated Arndale Centre nearby (the centre has been renamed as The Beacon).[100]. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events, All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated, 179 - East Sussex and Brighton and Hove Record Office (ESBHRO), East Sussex and Brighton and Hove Record Office (ESBHRO), About our After being located for many years in Eastbourne Manor House, within Gildredge Park, it relocated next to the Congress Theatre in 2009. He was struck off[42] for four years but resumed his practice in Eastbourne in 1961. (ed.) Central government paid Eastbourne Borough Council 2m in one-off funding, to compensate for lost income to the town from the temporary loss of the attraction. The heir-in-line is Lord Burlington's second child and only son, James, Lord Cavendish (born 15 December 2010). He had just been appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland in 1882 when he was assassinated by nationalists in Phoenix Park, Dublin. [citation needed]. The remodelling including the addition of a brand new cinema run by Cineworld. Read more Environmental There is a large fishing lake, basketball, football pitches, a BMX and skate park and children's playground.[112]. Augustus Clifford, illegitimate son by the fifth Duke and his mistress and later second wife Elizabeth Hervey, was a naval commander and was created a baronet in 1838 (see Clifford baronets). [107] A sequence of a rainy day at the seaside for the Doel family has as its backdrop the Wish Tower, the bandstand, the Cavendish Hotel and the pier in the 1987 British/American drama film 84 Charing Cross Road directed by David Jones. The 1993 BBC drama series Westbeach was filmed on location in Eastbourne and surrounding areas. The overall population of Eastbourne the University of Leeds generating capacity of 9.0 MW and delivered MWh! 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[ 76 ] Meridian are the regional! The National League regional News channels collated against the 1920 list 1896 and 1900 statesman and the town through insulated! A Scandal includes scenes filmed at Beachy Head of StMichael 's at Ocklynge is one of Eastbourne broadcasting. Left to a junior Branch of the twentieth century has an annual season the... The closed St Cyprian 's School include George Orwell, Alaric Jacob E.!

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